1892 Perron map BUFFALO, NEW YORK STATE, #48

Description: Perron16_048 1892 Perron map BUFFALO, NEW YORK STATE, #48 Nice map titled Buffalo, from wood engraving with fine detail and clear impression. Overall size approx. 24 x 18.5 cm, image size approx. 13.5 x 9 cm. From La Nouvelle Géographie universelle, la terre et les hommes, 19 vol. (1875-94), great work of Elisee Reclus. Cartographer is Charles Perron. Buffalo, city and port of entry, seat (1821) of Erie county, northwestern New York, U.S., at the eastern end of Lake Erie (as it narrows into the Niagara River). New York's second largest city, it is the metropolis of a large urban complex that includes the cities of Niagara Falls, North Tonawanda, Lockport, Lackawanna, and Tonawanda, and the towns (townships) of Amherst, Hamburg, Cheektowaga, Lancaster, and West Seneca. Its site, at the natural junction of east-west transportation routes from the Hudson-Mohawk valleys to the Great Lakes Basin, was visited by early French trappers and Jesuit missionaries. It was there on the banks of the Niagara River that René-Robert Cavelier, sieur de la Salle, built his ship the "Griffon" in 1679. A French trading post under Chabert Joncaire was established in 1758 but was abandoned the following year. Seneca Indians under British protection settled the area in 1780. The town was laid out in 1803 by Joseph Ellicott for the Holland Land Company. Named New Amsterdam (but popularly called Buffalo), it had a population of 1,500 at the time of the War of 1812 and became the American military headquarters for operations on the Niagara Frontier. Burned by the British in 1813, it was rebuilt and incorporated as the village of Buffalo in 1816. The origin of the place-name is in dispute as buffalo (bison) did not inhabit the area; it may reflect a mispronunciation of the French beau fleuve ("beautiful river") in reference to the local Buffalo Creek. The first steamboat on the upper Great Lakes, "Walk-on-the-Water," was built at Buffalo in 1818. The completion of the Erie Canal in 1825 brought a tremendous economic boom to the community, attracting immigrants and boosting its population to 10,000 at the time of its incorporation as a city in 1832. Trade with the expanding West grew rapidly during the Civil War period. Railroads, attracted by existing markets and trade routes, converged on the city. Shipyards, iron and steel mills, meat-packing plants, flour mills, and railroad-car industries developed. The harnessing of Niagara water power in the 1890s further stimulated the growth of highly diversified industry. Buffalo has become a major port of the St. Lawrence Seaway; it is the terminus of the New York State Barge Canal and is a major rail centre and highway crossroads handling large tonnages of grain, limestone, coal, iron ore, lumber, petroleum, and automobiles. As the main U.S. gateway to the Toronto-Hamilton industrial region of Ontario, it processes a large percentage of U.S.-Canadian trade. The international Peace Bridge to Fort Erie, Ont., was opened in 1927 as a memorial to 100 years of U.S.-Canadian peace. Buffalo was the home of two U.S. presidents--Millard Fillmore and Grover Cleveland, who was elected mayor in 1881. Pres. William McKinley was assassinated while visiting the Pan-American Exposition held (1901) in the city. The Ansley Wilcox Mansion, where Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office following the assassination, was dedicated a national historic site in 1966. Niagara Square, dominated by the McKinley Monument and site of the City Hall (1932) and federal buildings, is the focus of the city. The State University of New York at Buffalo was founded in 1846 and the State University College at Buffalo originated in 1867 as a normal school. Colleges in the city include Canisius (1870), D'Youville (1908), Medaille (1937), Daemen (1947), Daemon College (1948), Villa Maria (1960), Trocaire (1958), and Erie Community (1946). Buffalo is also an established centre for nuclear, aerospace, and medical research. Notable cultural institutions are the Albright-Knox Art Gallery, the Historical Museum, the Museum of Science, Kleinhans Music Hall (home of the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra), and Studio Arena, a professional theatre founded in 1965. Rich Stadium is the home of the Bills (football team) and the Memorial Auditorium of the Braves (basketball) and Sabres (ice hockey) teams. Pop. (1990) city, 328,123; Buffalo PMSA, 968,532; Buffalo-Niagara Falls CMSA, 1,189,288.

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Location: Zagreb, HR

End Time: 2024-12-01T10:20:00.000Z

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