President Fulgencio Batista OOAK B/W Photograph By Writer Joseph H. Wherry

Description: President Fulgencio Batista OOAK One Of A Kind 8” x 10” B/W Photograph By Writer Joe H. Wherry. President Batista granted the writer courtesy of long visit. It was during this that I met his Chief of Security Police who would not be photographed. Fulgencio Batista Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar born Rubén Zaldívar; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban military officer and politician who served as the elected president of Cuba from 1940 to 1944 and as its U.S.-backed military dictator from 1952 to 1959, until he was overthrown in the Cuban Revolution. Fulgencio Batista President of Cuba In office March 10, 1952 – January 1, 1959 Prime Minister Himself Andrés Domingo Jorge García Montes Andrés Rivero AgüeroEmilio Núñez PortuondoGonzalo Güell Vice President Rafael Guas Inclán Preceded by Carlos Prío Socarrás Succeeded by Anselmo Alliegro In office October 10, 1940 – October 10, 1944 Prime Minister Carlos Saladrigas ZayasRamón ZaydínAnselmo Alliegro Vice President Gustavo Cuervo Rubio Preceded by Federico Laredo Brú Succeeded by Ramón Grau Prime Minister of Cuba In office 10 March 1952 – 4 April 1952 President Himself Preceded by Óscar Gans Succeeded by Vacant (1952 – 1955) Jorge García Montes (1955 – 1957) Cuban Senator In office June 2, 1948 – March 10, 1952 Constituency Las Villas Personal details Born Rubén Zaldívar January 16, 1901 Banes, Cuba Died August 6, 1973 (aged 72) Marbella, Málaga, Spain Resting place Saint Isidore Cemetery Political party Democratic Socialist Coalition (1939–1944) Liberal Party of Cuba (1948–1949) Unitary Action Party (1949–1952) Progressive Action Party (1952–1959) Spouse(s) Elisa Godínez Gómez (m. 1926; div. 1946) Marta Fernandez Miranda (m. 1946) Children 9 Other names Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (full name from 1939) Military service Allegiance Cuba Cuba Branch/service Cuban Army Years of service 1921–1940 Rank Major General Batista initially rose to power as part of the 1933 Revolt of the Sergeants, which overthrew the provisional government of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada. Batista then appointed himself chief of the armed forces, with the rank of colonel, and effectively controlled the five-member "pentarchy" that functioned as the collective head of state. He maintained control through a string of puppet presidents until 1940, when he was elected president on a populist platform. He then instated the 1940 Constitution of Cuba and served until 1944. After finishing his term, Batista moved to Florida, returning to Cuba to run for president in 1952. Facing certain electoral defeat, he led a military coup against President Carlos Prío Socarrás that pre-empted the election. Back in power and receiving financial, military and logistical support from the United States government, Batista suspended the 1940 Constitution and revoked most political liberties, including the right to strike. He then aligned with the wealthiest landowners who owned the largest sugar plantations, and presided over a stagnating economy that widened the gap between rich and poor Cubans. Eventually it reached the point where most of the sugar industry was in U.S. hands, and foreigners owned 70% of the arable land. As such, Batista's repressive government then began to systematically profit from the exploitation of Cuba's commercial interests, by negotiating lucrative relationships both with the American Mafia, who controlled the drug, gambling, and prostitution businesses in Havana, and with large U.S.-based multinational companies who were awarded lucrative contracts. To quell the growing discontent amongst the populace—which was subsequently displayed through frequent student riots and demonstrations—Batista established tighter censorship of the media, while also utilizing his Bureau for the Repression of Communist Activities secret police to carry out wide-scale violence, torture and public executions. These murders mounted in 1957, as socialist ideas became more influential. Many people were killed, with estimates ranging from hundreds to about 20,000 people killed. These tactics ultimately failed to quell unrest and instead were the catalyst for more widespread resistance. For two years (December 1956 – December 1958) Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement and other rebelling elements led an urban- and rural-based guerrilla uprising against Batista's government, which culminated in his eventual defeat by rebels under the command of Che Guevara at the Battle of Santa Clara on New Year's Day 1959. Batista immediately fled the island with an amassed personal fortune to the Dominican Republic, where strongman and previous military ally Rafael Trujillo held power. Batista eventually found political asylum in António Salazar's Portugal, where he first lived on the island of Madeira and then in Estoril. He was involved in business activities in Spain and was staying there in Guadalmina at the time of his death from a heart attack on August 6, 1973

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Location: New York, New York

End Time: 2024-03-11T18:25:29.000Z

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